Title: | Data for Mathematical Modeling and Applied Calculus |
Version: | 1.0 |
Depends: | R (≥ 4.1) |
Suggests: | mosaic, mosaicCalc, plotly |
Description: | Contains the data sets for the first and second editions of the textbook "Mathematical Modeling and Applied Calculus" by Joel Kilty and Alex M. McAllister. The first edition of the book was published by Oxford University Press in 2018 with ISBN-13: 978-019882472. The second edition is expected to be published in January 2027. |
License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
Encoding: | UTF-8 |
LazyData: | TRUE |
RoxygenNote: | 7.3.2 |
NeedsCompilation: | no |
Packaged: | 2025-08-19 17:38:34 UTC; Joel |
Author: | Joel Kilty [aut, cre], McAllister Alex [aut] |
Maintainer: | Joel Kilty <joel.kilty@centre.edu> |
Repository: | CRAN |
Date/Publication: | 2025-08-19 17:50:02 UTC |
MMAC: Data for Mathematical Modeling and Applied Calculus
Description
Contains the data sets for the first and second editions of the textbook "Mathematical Modeling and Applied Calculus" by Joel Kilty and Alex M. McAllister. The first edition of the book was published by Oxford University Press in 2018 with ISBN-13: 978-019882472. The second edition is expected to be published in January 2027.
Author(s)
Maintainer: Joel Kilty joel.kilty@centre.edu
Authors:
McAllister Alex alex.mcallister@centre.edu
Closing Stock Price of Apple Inc.
Description
A data set containing the closing price of Apple Inc. Stock, from January 1981 to December 2014
Usage
data(AAPLStockMonthly)
Details
A data frame with 408 observations on the following variables.
Month
(months since January 1981)AdjClose
(adjusted closing price of Apple Inc. stock)
Source
Yahoo Finance
References
http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=AAPL&a=11&b=12&c=1980&d=06&e=2&f=2014&g=m
Examples
data(APPLStockMontly)
Number of Students taking the AP Calculus Exam
Description
A data set containing the number of students who have taken the AP Calculus exam from 1955 to 2015.
Usage
data(APCalculus)
Details
A data frame with 61 observations on the following variables.
Year
Exams
(number of AP exams taken in associated year)
Source
Personal correspondence with Stephen M. Kokoska.
Examples
data(APCalculus)
Number of Students taking the AP Calculus Exam
Description
A subset of the data set APCalculus
containing the number of students who have taken the AP Calculus exam from 1955 to 2015.
Usage
data(APCalculus2)
Details
A data frame with 38 observations on the following variables.
Year
Exams
(number of AP exams taken in associated year)
Source
Personal correspondence with Stephen M. Kokoska.
Examples
data(APCalculus2)
Abalone Rings
Description
A data set containing the number of rings for 4177 abalone along with their length, and live weight. The age of an abalone is the number of rings + 1.5, but it is difficult to count the number of rings to determine the age of an abalone.
Usage
data(Abalone)
Details
A data frame with 1307 observations on the following variables.
Length
(in millimeters)Weight
(live weight in grams)Rings
(number of rings)
Source
Abalone: Donated on 11/30/1995 to UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository. Accessed on July 19, 2025.
References
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/1/abalone
Examples
data(Abalone)
Profit of Addidas
Description
A data set containing the gross profit of Addidas in millions of euros from 2006 to 2024.
Usage
data(AddidasProfit)
Details
A data frame with 19 observations on the following variables.
Year
Profit
(in millions of euros)
Source
Gross profit of Adidas from 2000 to 2024 (in million euros). Accessed on May 31, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/268417/gross-profit-of-the-adidas-group-worldwide-since-2000/
Examples
data(AddidasProfit)
Sales Revenue based on Advertising Budget Breakdown
Description
A data set containing the sales revenue of various products in millions of US dollars based on the TV, radio, and newspaper advertising budget of the product in 1000's of US dollars.
Usage
data(Advertising)
Details
A data frame with 200 observations on the following variables.
Sales
(in millions of US dollars)TV
(TV advertising budget in 1000's of US dollars)Radio
(radio advertising budget in 1000's of US dollars)Newspaper
(newspaper advertising budget in 1000's of US dollars)
Source
Advertising Sales Data Set: Advertising Budget & Sales Prediction using Regression. Accessed on July 18, 2025.
References
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/yasserh/advertising-sales-dataset
Examples
data(Advertising)
Fuel Efficiency of Automobiles
Description
A data set containing data on predicting the MPG of 392 automobiles based on the number of cylinders, engine displacement, engine horsepower, vehicle weight, acceleration, and year.
Usage
data(AutoMPG)
Details
A data frame with 392 observations on the following variables.
MPG
Cylinders
(number of cylinders in engine)Displacement
(in cubic inches)Horsepower
Weight
(in pounds)Acceleration
(in meters per second squared)Year
(year of production; e.g. 70 is the year 1970)
Source
Data on predicting the MPG of 392 automobiles based on the number of cylinders, engine displacement, engine horsepower, vehicle weight, acceleration, and year. Accessed on August 3, 2025.
References
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/9/auto+mpg
Examples
data(AutoMPG)
Average Worldwide CO2 Levels
Description
A data set containing the average worldwide carbon dioxide concentration level in parts per million from 1993 to 2023.
Usage
data(AverageCO2Levels)
Details
A data frame with 32 observations on the following variables.
Year
Emissions
(parts per million)
Source
Average carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere worldwide from 1959 to 2023 (in parts per million). Accessed on October 1, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1091926/atmospheric-concentration-of-co2-historic/
Examples
data(AverageCO2Levels)
Length of Avian Femurs
Description
A data set containing the length of avian femurs in millimeters as a function of the body mass of the avian species in kilograms.
Usage
data(AvianFemur)
Details
A data frame with 22 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)Length
(in millimeters)
Source
Prange, H.D., Anderson, J.F., and Rahn, H. Scaling of Skeletal Mass to Body Mass in Birds and Mammals. The American Naturalist, Vol. 113, No. 1 (Jan. 1979), pp. 103-122. Accessed on Augut 1, 2025.
References
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2459945
Examples
data(AvianFemur)
Blast Radius of Trinity Test
Description
A data set containing the blast radius (in meters) as a function of time (in seconds) for the Trinity test conducted by the United States in White Sands, New Mexico in 1945.
Usage
data(BlastData)
Details
A data frame with 23 observations on the following variables.
time
(in seconds)radius
(in meters)
Source
Taylor, G. “The Formation of a Blast Wave by a Very Intense Explosion. II. The Atomic Explosion of 1945.” Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1950, 201: 175–86.
Examples
data(BlastData)
Closing Stock Price of Apple Inc.
Description
A data set containing the field metablic rate of individual birds and mammals (measured in kilojoules per day) as a function of its body mass (in kilograms)
Usage
data(BodyMassMetabolicRate)
Details
A data frame with 1498 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)Rate
(field metabolic rate in kilojoules per day)
Source
Hudson, L. N., Isaac, N. J. B., Reuman, D. C. (2013), The relationship between body mass and field metabolic rate among individual birds and mammals. Journal of Ecology, 82: 1009-1020. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12086.
References
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2656.12086/suppinfo
Examples
data(BodyMassMetabolicRate)
CHIP Consumption Expenditures
Description
A data set containing the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) consumption expenditures from 2005 to 2022 in millions of US dollars.
Usage
data(CHIPExpenditures)
Details
A data frame with 18 observations on the following variables.
Year
Expenditure
(in millions of US dollars)
Source
Children's health insurance program (CHIP) health consumption expenditure from 2000-2022 (in million U.S. dollars). Accessed on March 11, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/245384/chip-personal-health-care-expenditure/
Examples
data(CHIPExpenditures)
California Housing Data from 1990 US Census
Description
A data set containing data on housing prices in California from the 1990 Census. Each data point is from one census block and contains data on the median age, total number of rooms, total number of bedrooms, population, number of households, median income, and median value of the houses within that census block.
Usage
data(CaliforniaHousing)
Details
A data frame with 20433 observations on the following variables.
Age
(median age of house within block)Rooms
(total number of rooms within block)Bedrooms
(total number of bedrooms within block)Population
(total number of people residing within block)Households
(total number of households residing within block)MedianIncome
(median income within block)MedianValue
(median home value within block)
Source
Data on California housing from the 1990 census. Accessed on August 3, 2025.
References
https://www.dcc.fc.up.pt/~ltorgo/Regression/cal_housing.html
Examples
data(CaliforniaHousing)
Car Sales
Description
A data set containing the price, year, and mileage of 23000 cars for sale.
Usage
data(CarSales)
Details
A data frame with 23000 observations on the following variables.
Year
(year car was manufactured)Mileage
(number of miles on car)Price
(price of car in US dollars)
Source
Cars for Sale: Comprehensive Dataset of Cars for Sale with Detailed Features, Pricing, accident. Accessed on July 18, 2025.
References
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/benjnb/cars-for-sale
Examples
data(CarSales)
Cellular Subscriptions Worldwide
Description
A data set containing the worldwide number of mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people from 1980 to 2008.
Usage
data(CellularSubscriptions)
Details
A data frame with 29 observations on the following variables.
Year
Subscriptions
(per 100 people)
Source
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people). Accessed on October 2, 2024.
References
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2?end=2023&start=1960&view=chart
Examples
data(CellularSubscriptions)
Worldwide Mobile Cellular Subscriptions
Description
A data set containing the worldwide number of mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people from 1980 to 2023.
Usage
data(CellularSubscriptions2)
Details
A data frame with 44 observations on the following variables.
Year
Subscriptions
(per 100 people)
Source
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people). Accessed on October 2, 2024.
References
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2
Examples
data(CellularSubscriptions2)
Child Labor Law Violations
Description
A data set containing the number of minors employed in the United States in violation of child labor laws from 1971 to 2024.
Usage
data(ChildLabor)
Details
A data frame with 28 observations on the following variables.
Year
Violations
Source
Child Labor. Accessed on June 24, 2025.
References
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/data/charts/child-labor
Examples
data(ChildLabor)
United States Cigarette Sales
Description
A data set containing the number of individual cigarettes sold in the United States in billions each year from 1981 to 2022.
Usage
data(CigaretteSales)
Details
A data frame with 42 observations on the following variables.
Year
Sales
(in billions of individual cigarettes)
Source
Federal Trade Commission Cigarette Report for 2022. Accessed on June 5, 2025.
References
https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/ftc_gov/pdf/2022-Cigarette-Report.pdf
Examples
data(CigaretteSales)
Dow Jones Industrial Average Closing Value
Description
A data set containing the closing stock market value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average on the last day of each quarter from June 30, 1896 (quarter 1) through September 30, 2024 (quarter 515).
Usage
data(DJIA)
Details
A data frame with 515 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
Close
Source
Closing stock market value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average at the end of each quarter from June 30, 1896 through September 30, 2024 from “^DJI — Nasdaq Composite — U.S. — Stooq.” Accessed on October 1, 2024.
References
http://stooq.com/q/d/?s=^dji&i=q.
Examples
data(DJIA)
Quarterly Closing Value of Dow Jones Industrial Average
Description
A data set containing the quarterly closing value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) from March 31, 1935 to December 31, 2014.
Usage
data(DJIACloseQuarterly)
Details
A data frame with 320 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since March 31, 1935)Close
(Closing value of DJIA)
Source
Closing stock market value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average at the end of each quarter from March 31, 1930 through December 31, 2014 from “^DJI — Nasdaq Composite — U.S. — Stooq.” Accessed on July 7, 2015.
References
http://stooq.com/q/d/?s=^dji
Examples
data(DJIACloseQuarterly)
Daylength in Fairbanks, Alaska
Description
A data set containing the daylength in Fairbanks, Alaska in hours from August 2020 to August 2025.
Usage
data(DaylengthFairbanks)
Details
A data frame with 61 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since August 2020)Daylength
(in hours)
Source
Fairbanks, Alaska, USA — Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength, August 2025. Accessed on August 4, 2025.
References
https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/usa/fairbanks
Examples
data(DaylengthFairbanks)
Day Length in Duluth, MN
Description
A data set containing the day length in Duluth, MN measures in hours on the first day of each month from October 2022 to October 2024.
Usage
data(DuluthDayLength)
Details
A data frame with 25 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since October 2022)Length
(in hours)
Source
Duluth, Minnesota, USA – Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength, October 2024. Accessed on October 24, 2024.
References
https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/usa/duluth
Examples
data(DuluthDayLength)
Dunkin' Donuts Stores Worldwide
Description
A data set containing the number of Dunkin' Donuts stores worldwide from 2007 to 2019.
Usage
data(DunkinDonuts)
Details
A data frame with 13 observations on the following variables.
Year
Stores
Source
Number of Dunkin' Donuts stores worldwide from 2007 to 2019, by region. Accessed on September 19, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/291462/distribution-points-dunkin-donuts/
Examples
data(DunkinDonuts)
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Market Share
Description
A data set containing the worldwide market share of electric vehicles as a percentage of passenger vehicle sales from 2015 to 2023.
Usage
data(EVMarketShare)
Details
A data frame with 9 observations on the following variables.
Year
Share
Source
Global market share of electric vehicles within passenger vehicle sales between 2015 and 2023, with a forecast through 2030. Accessed on June 18, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1371599/global-ev-market-share/
Examples
data(EVMarketShare)
Ebola Cases in Sierra Leone, Africa
Description
A data set containing the cummulative number of ebola cases in Sierra Leone, Africa from May 1, 2014 to December 16, 2015
Usage
data(EbolaSierraLeone)
Details
A data frame with 110 observations on the following variables.
Day
(since May 1, 2014)Cases
(cummulative number of ebola cases)
Source
Ebola Outbreak in West Africa from Centers for Disease Control and Preven- tion. Accessed on June 2, 2016.
References
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/cumulative-cases-graphs.html
Examples
data(EbolaSierraLeone)
Electric Bill
Description
A data set containing the electric bill (in US dollars) of a single-family home in Minnesota from 2000-2003
Usage
data(ElectricBill)
Details
A data frame with 37 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since January 2000)ElecBill
(in US dollars)
Source
Subset of Utilities in the mosaic
package.
Examples
data(ElectricBill)
United States Electricity Demand
Description
A data set containing the United States electricity demand in megawatt hours from October 1, 2024 to October 5, 2024 as a function of time in hours.
Usage
data(ElectricityDemand)
Details
A data frame with 120 observations on the following variables.
Time
(hours since October 1, 2024)Length
(in megawatt hours)
Source
U.S. electricity overview (demand, forecast demand, net generation, and total interchange) 10/1/2024 - 10/5/24, Eastern Time. Accessed on October 24, 2024.
References
https://www.eia.gov/electricity/gridmonitor/dashboard/custom/pending
Examples
data(ElectricityDemand)
US Electronic and Mail Order Sales
Description
A data set containing the he total U.S. electronic and mail-order shopping sales in billions of dollars each year from 1999 to 2012.
Usage
data(ElectronicMailOrderSales)
Details
A data frame with 14 observations on the following variables.
Year
Sales
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
Total U.S. electronic and mail-order shopping sales in millions of dollars each year from 1999 to 2012 from “Monthly & Annual Retail Trade, Main Page — US Census Bureau.” Accessed on July 16, 2014.
Examples
data(ElectronicMailOrderSales)
Engine Bore Diameter
Description
A data set containing the bore diameter (i.e. the diameter of the cylinder) in millimeters as a function of the mass of various engines in kilograms
Usage
data(EngineBore)
Details
A data frame with 39 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)BoreLength
(in millimeters
Source
Bore diameter as a function of engine mass from pages 60–61. McMahon, Thomas A., and John Tyler Bonner. On Size and Life. New York: Scientific American Library, 1983.
Examples
data(EngineBore)
RPM of Different Engines
Description
A data set containing the revolutions per minute (RPM) and mass of different engines.
Usage
data(EngineRPM)
Details
A data frame with 39 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)RPM
Source
Revolutions per minute of engines as a function of engine mass from pages 60-61. McMahon, Thomas A., and John Tyler Bonner. On Size and Life. New York: Scientific American Library, 1983.
Examples
data(EngineRPM)
Facebook Users
Description
A data set containing the number of Facebook users in millions of people from 2009 through 2012.
Usage
data(FacebookUsers)
Details
A data frame with 38 observations on the following variables.
Months
(since January 2009)Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of Facebook users in millions from 2009 through 2012 from “Number of active users at Facebook over the years — Yahoo News” and “Facebook: number of active users 2015 | Statistics.” Accessed on June 22, 2015.
References
http://news.yahoo.com/number-active-users-facebook-over-230449748.html http://www.statista.com/statistics/264810/number-of-monthly-active-facebook-users-worldwide/
Examples
data(FacebookUsers)
Palm Length of Fiddler Crabs
Description
A data set containing the palm length (chela size) of growing male fiddler crabs as a function of the body size (carapace breadth), both measured in millimeters.
Usage
data(FiddlerCrabs)
Details
A data frame with 19 observations on the following variables.
BodySize
(in millimeters)PalmLength
(in millimeters)
Source
Miller, D.C. Growth in Uca, 1. Ontogeny of Asymmetry in Uca pugilator (Bosc) (Decapoda, Ocypodidae). Crustaceana, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan., 1973), pp. 119-131. Accessed on August 1, 2025.
References
https://www.jstor.org/stable/20101959
Examples
data(FiddlerCrabs)
Weight of Bream
Description
Weight of 56 bream fish in grams as a function of their vertical length (in cm), diagonal length (in cm), cross length (in cm), height (in cm), and diagonal width (in cm).
Usage
data(FishWeights)
Details
A data frame with 56 observations on the following variables.
Weight
(in grams)Vertial
(vertical length in centimeters)Diagonal
(diagonal length in centimeters)Cross
(cross length in centimeters)Height
(in centimeters)Width
(diagonal width in centimeters)
Source
FishMarket: Estimate the weight of fish based on its species and the physical measurements. Accessed on August 3, 2025
References
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/vipullrathod/fish-market
Examples
data(FishWeights)
Worldwide Flights Performed
Description
A data set containing the worldwide number of flights performed by the global airline industry in millions from 2004 to 2019.
Usage
data(FlightsWorldwide)
Details
A data frame with 16 observations on the following variables.
Year
Flights
(in millions)
Source
Number of flights performed by the global airline industry from 2004 to 2024, with a forecast for 2025 (in millions). Accessed on August 2, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/564769/airline-industry-number-of-flights/
Examples
data(FlightsWorldwide)
Ford Motors Market Volume
Description
A subset of the data set containing the volume of Ford Motor Company stock shares traded per quarter since January 1, 2007.
Usage
data(FordMarketVolume1)
Details
A data frame with 7 observations on the following variables.
Date
(quarter since January 1, 2007)Volume
(number of shares of Ford Motor Company stock shares)
Source
Ford Motor Company (F) stock market value quarterly in U.S. dollars. Accessed on July 7, 2014
References
http://stooq.com/q/d/?s=f.us
Examples
data(FordMarketVolume1)
Ford Motors Market Volume
Description
A data set containing the volume of Ford Motor Company stock shares traded per quarter since January 1, 2007.
Usage
data(FordMarketVolume2)
Details
A data frame with 20 observations on the following variables.
Date
(quarter since January 1, 2007)Volume
(number of shares of Ford Motor Company stock shares)
Source
Ford Motor Company (F) stock market value quarterly in U.S. dollars. Accessed on July 7, 2014
References
http://stooq.com/q/d/?s=f.us
Examples
data(FordMarketVolume1)
Height of Children
Description
A data set containing data on the height of 465 male children and the height of both their mother and father.
Usage
data(GaltonMale)
Details
A data frame with 465 observations on the following variables.
father
(height of father in inches)mother
(height of mother in inches)height
(height of child in inches)
Source
Hanley, J.A. (2004). “Transmuting" women into men: Galton's family data on human stature. The American Statistician, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 237-243. Accessed on May 21, 2025.
References
https://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/epidemiology/hanley/galton/
Examples
data(GaltonMale)
Gender Ratio in World Population
Description
A subset of the data set containing the number of males per 100 females in the word population.
Usage
data(GenderRatio1)
Details
A data frame with 9 observations on the following variables.
Year
Ratio
(number of males per 100 females)
Source
The global gender ratio based on the number of males per 100 females by year from “World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision” by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Accessed on June 25, 2014.
References
http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm
Examples
data(GenderRatio1)
Gender Ratio in World Population
Description
A data set containing the number of males per 100 females in the word population.
Usage
data(GenderRatio2)
Details
A data frame with 14 observations on the following variables.
Year
Ratio
(number of males per 100 females)
Source
The global gender ratio based on the number of males per 100 females by year from “World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision” by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Accessed on June 25, 2014.
References
http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm
Examples
data(GenderRatio2)
Global CO2 Emissions
Description
A data set containing the annual worldwide carbon dioxide emissions in billion metric tons from 1940 to 2023.
Usage
data(GlobalCO2Emissions)
Details
A data frame with 84 observations on the following variables.
Year
Emissions
(in billion metric tons)
Source
Annual carbon dioxide emissions worldwide from 1940 to 2023 (in billion metric tons). Accessed on September 26, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/276629/global-co2-emissions/
Examples
data(GlobalCO2Emissions)
High School Dropout Rate
Description
A data set containing the high school dropout rate in the United States from 1970 through 2012.
Usage
data(HSDropoutRate)
Details
A data frame with 43 observations on the following variables.
Year
Rate
(high school dropout rate)
Source
The high school dropout rate in the United States from 1970 through 2012 from “Percentage of high school dropouts among persons 16 to 24 years old.” Accessed on June 22, 2015.
References
http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13 219.70.asp
Examples
data(HSDropoutRate)
High School Graduates in College
Description
A data set containing the percent of each year’s high school graduates to enroll in either a two-year or four-year college from 1972 to 2012.
Usage
data(HSGradsInCollege)
Details
A data frame with 41 observations on the following variables.
Year
Percent
(of high schol graduates)
Source
Percent of high school graduates to enroll in a two-year or four-year college from National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed on July 2, 2014.
References
http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13302.10.asp
Examples
data(HSGradsInCollege)
Happiness in Southeastern Asian and Middle Eastern Countries
Description
A data set containing a happiness score (between 0 and 10) from the 2023 World Happiness Report from 12 Southeastern Asian and Middle Eastern countries along with the median income in United States dollars and the poverty rate of the county.
Usage
data(Happiness)
Details
A data frame with 12 observations on the following variables.
Happiness
(score between 0 and 10)Income
(median income in US dollars)Poverty
(poverty rate)
Source
SA-ME Happiness Index: Education, Income & Life Satisfaction Metrics. Accessed on July 18, 2025.
References
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/towhid121/sa-me-happiness-index
Examples
data(Happiness)
Tidal Depths in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Description
A data set containing the depth of the tide in feet relative to the MLLW (mean lower low water mark) in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii as a function of time measured in hours Hr.
Usage
data(Hawaii)
Details
A data frame with 31 observations on the following variables.
time
(in hours)water
(tide depth in feet relative to the MLLW)
Source
Tidal measurements in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii based on data sets from Project Mosaic. Accessed on August 19, 2015.
References
http://www.mosaic-web.org
Examples
data(Hawaii)
Health Expenditures as a Percentage of U.S. GDP
Description
A data set containing the World Bank's data for total U.S. health expenditures as a percentage of the U.S gross domestic product (GDP) from 1995 to 2012.
Usage
data(HealthExpenditure)
Details
A data frame with 18 observations on the following variables.
Year
PercentGDP
Source
Total U.S. health expenditures as a percentage of GDP from the World Bank. Accessed on July 10, 2014.
References
http://data.worldbank.org/country/united-states
Examples
data(HealthExpenditure)
Mean Hen Weight
Description
A data set containing the mean hen weight of hens (female chickens) in grams as a function of the age in days.
Usage
data(HenWeight)
Details
A data frame with 28 observations on the following variables.
Day
Weight
(in grams)
Source
Aggrey, S.E. Comparison of Three Nonlinear and Spline Regression Models for Describing Chicken Growth Curves. Poultry Science, Volume 81, Issue 12, December 1, 2022, 1782-1788.
Examples
data(HenWeight)
Latino's Living in the United States
Description
A data set containing the number of Latino's living in the United States as a function of the year.
Usage
data(HispanicPopulation)
Details
A data frame with 5 observations on the following variables.
Year
People
(in millions)
Source
The U.S. Hispanic population has increased sixfold since 1970. Accessed on June 16, 2014.
References
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/02/26/the-u-s-hispanic-population-has-increased-sixfold-since-1970/
Examples
data(HispanicPopulation)
Biomass of OneSeed Juniper trees
Description
A data set containing the above ground biomass of Oneseed juniper trees in kilograms as a function of the maximum height of the tree is meters.
Usage
data(JuniperTrees)
Details
A data frame with 18 observations on the following variables.
Height
(in meters)BioMass
(in kilograms)
Source
Boschetti Fabio , Sauer Katherine J. , Litvak Marcy , Anderson Karen , Brazier Richard E., Allometric Relationships for Predicting Aboveground Biomass and Sapwood Area of Oneseed Juniper (Juniperus monosperma) Trees, Frontiers in Plant Science, Volume 11, 2020, doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00094. Accessed on October 9, 2024.
References
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00094
Examples
data(JuniperTrees)
KeyWestTides
Description
A data set containing the tidal depth relative to the mean lower low water (MLLW) level in feet as a function of time in minutes in Key West, Florida.
Usage
data(KeyWestTides)
Details
A data frame with 960 observations on the following variables.
Time
(in minutes)Depth
(in feet)
Source
NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS Observed Water Levels at 8724580, Key West, FL from 2024/09/09 00:00 GMT to 2024/09/12 23:59 GMT. Accessed on October 23, 2024
References
https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/waterlevels.html?id=8724580
Examples
data(KeyWestTides)
Life Expectancy in Different Countries
Description
A data set containing the number of physicians per 1000 people as a function of average life expectancy in different countries in 2010.
Usage
data(LifeExpectancyPhysicians)
Details
A data frame with 175 observations on the following variables.
LifeExpectancy
(life expectancy in years)Physicians
(number of physicians per 1000 people)
Source
Number of physicians per 1000 people as a function of average life expectancy in different countries in 2010 from “Physicians (per 1,000 people) | Data | Table.”
References
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.MED.PHYS.ZS
Examples
data(LifeExpectancyPhysicians)
Metablic Energy of Mammals
Description
A data set containing the total lifetime metabolic energy in kilojoules for various mammals as a function of their body mass in kilograms
Usage
data(MammalEnergy)
Details
A data frame with 93 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)Energy
(kilojoules)
Source
Atanasov AT. The linear allometric relationship between total metabolic energy per life span and body mass of mammals. Biosystems. 2007 Jul-Aug; 90(1):224-33. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.08.006. Epub 2006 Aug 23. PMID: 17030408. Accessed on October 10, 2024.
References
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303264706001481?via%3Dihub
Examples
data(MammalEnergy)
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide from Mauna Loa
Description
A data set containing the atmospheric carbon dioxide from Mauna Loa in ppmv (or parts per million by volume) as a function of years from 1958 to 2008.
Usage
data(MaunaLoaCO2)
Details
A data frame with 49 observations on the following variables.
Year
Average
(in ppmv)
Source
Atmospheric carbon dioxide from Mauna Loa in ppmv (parts per million by volume) as a function of years from 1958 to 2008 from “Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Record from Mauna Loa.” Accessed on August 19, 2015.
References
http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/sio-mlo.html
Examples
data(MaunaLoaCO2)
Burgers Sold by McDonalds
Description
A subset of the data set containing the number of burgers (in billions) sold by McDonald’s since 1955.
Usage
data(McDBurgers1)
Details
A data frame with 5 observations on the following variables.
Year
Burgers
(in billions)
Source
The total number of burgers sold by McDonald’s in billions as of each year from “Over How Many Billion Served.” Accessed on July 3, 2014.
References
http://overhowmanybillionserved.blogspot.com/
Examples
data(McDBurgers1)
Burgers Sold by McDonalds
Description
A data set containing the number of burgers (in billions) sold by McDonald’s since 1955.
Usage
data(McDBurgers2)
Details
A data frame with 11 observations on the following variables.
Year
Burgers
(in billions)
Source
The total number of burgers sold by McDonald’s in billions as of each year from “Over How Many Billion Served.” Accessed on July 3, 2014.
References
http://overhowmanybillionserved.blogspot.com/
Examples
data(McDBurgers2)
Temperature of Mediterranean Sea
Description
A data set containing the sea surface temperature of the Mediterranean Sea in degrees Celsius from 1996 to 2023 relative to the 1991-2020 average.
Usage
data(MediterraneanSeaTemp)
Details
A data frame with 28 observations on the following variables.
Year
Temperature
(in degrees Celsius relative to the 1991-2020 average)
Source
Sea surface temperature anomalies in the Mediterranean Sea from 1994 to 2023. Accessed on June 13, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1463322/sea-surface-temperature-anomalies-mediterranean-sea/
Examples
data(MediterraneanSeaTemp)
US Unemployment Rate
Description
A data set containing the United States monthly unemployment rate from January 2010 to December 2014.
Usage
data(MonthlyUnemployment)
Details
A data frame with 60 observations on the following variables.
Months
(since January 2010)Rate
(monthly unemployment rate)
Source
U.S. monthly unemployment rate from January 2010 to December 2014 from “Bureau of Labor Statistics Data.” Accessed on June 22, 2015.
References
http://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000
Examples
data(MonthlyUnemployment)
15 Year Annual Mortgage Rates
Description
A data set containing interest rates on 15-year, fixed-rate conventional home mortgages annually from 1992 to 2014.
Usage
data(Mortgage15YrAnnual)
Details
A data frame with 23 observations on the following variables.
Year
Rate
(interest rate on 15-year, fixed-rate conventional home mortgage)
Source
Interest rates on 15-year, fixed-rate conventional home mortgages annually from 1992 to 2014 from “Mortgage Interest Rates History.” Accessed on June 22, 2015.
References
http://www.fedprimerate.com/mortgagerates.htm
Examples
data(Mortgage15YrAnnual)
30 Year Annual Mortgage Rates
Description
A data set containing the average interest rate for conventional 30-year mortgages each year from 1981 to 2012.
Usage
data(Mortgage30YrAnnual)
Details
A data frame with 32 observations on the following variables.
Year
Rate
(average interest rate on conventional 30-year mortgage)
Source
Average interest rate for conventional 30-year mortgages each year from 1981 to 2012 from “Primary Mortgage Market Survey Archives — 30 Year Fixed Rate Mortgages — Freddie Mac.” Accessed on July 7, 2015.
References
http://www.freddiemac.com/pmms/pmms30.htm
Examples
data(Mortgage30YrAnnual)
30 Year Annual Mortgage Rates
Description
A subset of the data set containing the interest rate on a 30-year fixed-rate conventional home mortgage.
Usage
data(Mortgage30YrMonthly1)
Details
A data frame with 265 observations on the following variables.
Month
Rate
(average interest rate on conventional 30-year mortgage)
Source
Average interest rate for conventional 30-year mortgages each year from 1981 to 2012 from “Primary Mortgage Market Survey Archives — 30 Year Fixed Rate Mortgages — Freddie Mac.” Accessed on July 7, 2015.
References
http://www.freddiemac.com/pmms/pmms30.htm
Examples
data(Mortgage30YrMonthly1)
30 Year Annual Mortgage Rates
Description
A data set containing the interest rate on a 30-year fixed-rate conventional home mortgage.
Usage
data(Mortgage30YrMonthly2)
Details
A data frame with 519 observations on the following variables.
Month
Rate
(average interest rate on conventional 30-year mortgage)
Source
Average interest rate for conventional 30-year mortgages each year from 1981 to 2012 from “Primary Mortgage Market Survey Archives — 30 Year Fixed Rate Mortgages — Freddie Mac.” Accessed on July 7, 2015.
References
http://www.freddiemac.com/pmms/pmms30.htm
Examples
data(Mortgage30YrMonthly2)
Metabolic Rate of Mussels
Description
A data set containing the standard metabolic rate in mL/hr of mussels as a function of their live weight in grams
Usage
data(MusselsMetabolic)
Details
A data frame with 47 observations on the following variables.
LW
(in grams)SMR
(in mL/hr)
Source
Ibarrola I, Arranz K, Markaide P, Navarro E (2022) Metabolic size scaling reflects growth performance effects on age-size relationships in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). PLoS ONE 17(9): e0268053. Accessed on October 8, 2024.
References
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268053.
Examples
data(MusselsMetabolic)
Closing NASDAQ Market Value
Description
A data set containing the closing NASDAQ stock market value in U.S. dollars at the end of each quarter from March 1938 (Quarter=1) through September 2024 (Quarter=347).
Usage
data(NASDAQ)
Details
A data frame with 347 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
Close
Source
Closing NASDAQ stock market value in U.S. dollars at the end of each quarter from March 1938 through September 2024 from “Stooq:Historical data: Nasdaq Composite - U.S. ” Accessed on September 27, 2024.
References
https://stooq.com/q/d/?s=%5Endq&c=0&i=q
Examples
data(NASDAQ)
Closing NASDAQ Value
Description
A data set containing the closing NASDAQ stock market value in U.S. dollars at the end of each quarter from March 1938 (quarter 1) through December 2014 (quarter 308)
Usage
data(NASDAQQuarterly)
Details
A data frame with 308 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since March 1938)Close
Source
Closing stock market value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average at the end of each quarter from March 31, 1930 through December 31, 2014 from “^DJI — Nasdaq Composite — U.S. — Stooq.” Accessed on July 7, 2015.
References
http://stooq.com/q/d/?s=^dji
Examples
data(NASDAQQuarterly)
New York City Housing Prices
Description
A data set containing the contains the median sales price of housing in New York City from October 2022 (Month=0) to October 2024 (Month=24).
Usage
data(NYCHousingPrices)
Details
A data frame with 25 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since October 2022)Price
(in US dollars)
Source
Median sales price of housing in New York City from January 2019 to October 2024 (in U.S. dollars). Accessed on May 31, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1235655/median-sale-price-of-housing-new-york/
Examples
data(NYCHousingPrices)
US Natural Gas Consumption
Description
A subset of the data set containing the total number of millions of cubic feet of natural gas consumed in the United States from 1950 to 1970.
Usage
data(NaturalGasConsumption)
Details
A data frame with 21 observations on the following variables.
Year
CubicFeet
(in millions of cubic feet)
Source
Natural Gas from U.S. Energy Information Administration. Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/n9140us2a.htm
Examples
data(NaturalGasConsumption)
US Natural Gas Consumption
Description
A data set containing the total number of millions of cubic feet of natural gas consumed in the United States from 1950 to 1970.
Usage
data(NaturalGasConsumption2)
Details
A data frame with 67 observations on the following variables.
Year
CubicFeet
(in millions of cubic feet)
Source
Natural Gas from U.S. Energy Information Administration. Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/n9140us2a.htm
Examples
data(NaturalGasConsumption2)
Population of the Netherlands
Description
A data set containing the population of the Netherlands measured in millions of people at the beginning of each decade since 1700.
Usage
data(NetherlandsPopulation)
Details
A data frame with 21 observations on the following variables.
Year
Population
(in millions of people)
Source
Population of the Netherlands from “The NETHERLANDS : country populations.” Accessed on July 11, 2014.
References
http://www.populstat.info/Europe/netherlc.htm
Examples
data(NetherlandsPopulation)
Revenue of Nike
Description
A data set containing the revenue of Nike in millions of US dollars from 2010 to 2023.
Usage
data(NikeRevenue)
Details
A data frame with 14 observations on the following variables.
Year
Revenue
(in millions of US dollars)
Source
Revenue of Nike from 2005 to 2024 (in million U.S. dollars). Accessed on June 18, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/241683/nikes-sales-worldwide-since-2004/
Examples
data(NikeRevenue)
Nintendo Switch Sales
Description
A data set containing the cumulative sales of the Nintendo Switch worldwide from 2017 to 2024.
Usage
data(NintendoSwitch)
Details
A data frame with 8 observations on the following variables.
Year
Sales
(in millions of units)
Source
Annual unit sales of the Nintendo Switch worldwide from 2017 to 2024. Accessed on August 3, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1085606/annual-unit-sales-nintendo-switch-worldwide/
Examples
data(NintendoSwitch)
Annual US Oil Production
Description
A subset of the data set containing the number of barrels (in thousands) of crude oil produced per year in the United States.
Usage
data(OilProductionAnnual1)
Details
A data frame with 38 observations on the following variables.
Year
Barrels
(in thousands)
Source
U.S. field production of crude oil in billions of barrels from the U.S. Energy Information Administration from “U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil.” Accessed on July 3, 2014.
References
http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCRFPUS1&f=M
Examples
data(OilProductionAnnual1)
Annual US Oil Production
Description
A subset of the data set containing the number of barrels (in thousands) of crude oil produced per year in the United States.
Usage
data(OilProductionAnnual2)
Details
A data frame with 114 observations on the following variables.
Year
Barrels
(in thousands)
Source
U.S. field production of crude oil in billions of barrels from the U.S. Energy Information Administration from “U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil.” Accessed on July 3, 2014.
References
http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCRFPUS1&f=M
Examples
data(OilProductionAnnual2)
Online Advertising Revenue
Description
A data set containing the online advertising revenue in the United States from 2000 to 2024 in billion of U.S. dollars.
Usage
data(OnlineAdvertising)
Details
A data frame with 25 observations on the following variables.
Year
Revenue
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
Online advertising revenue in the United States from 2000 to 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars). Accessed on August 3, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/183816/us-online-advertising-revenue-since-2000/
Examples
data(OnlineAdvertising)
Organic Food Sales
Description
A data set containing the organic food sales in the United States in billions of U.S. dollars from 2005 to 2023.
Usage
data(OrganicFood)
Details
A data frame with 19 observations on the following variables.
Year
Sales
(billions of US dollars)
Source
Organic food sales in the United States from 2005 to 2023 (in billion U.S. dollars). Accessed on September 26, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/196952/organic-food-sales-in-the-us-since-2000/
Examples
data(OrganicFood)
Active Paypal Accounts
Description
A data set containing the global number of active Paypal accounts in millions each quarter from the first quarter in 2010 (Quarter=1).
Usage
data(PaypalAccounts)
Details
A data frame with 48 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
Accounts
(in millions)
Source
Global user number of PayPal from 1st quarter 2010 to 2nd quarter 2024. Accessed on October 2, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/218493/paypals-total-active-registered-accounts-from-2010/
Examples
data(PaypalAccounts)
Worldwide Number of Paypal Accounts
Description
A data set containing the worldwide number of Paypal accounts in millions from the first quarter of 2010 (Quarter=1) to the first quarter of 2025.
Usage
data(PaypalUsers)
Details
A data frame with 61 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since first Quarter of 2010)Accounts
(in millions)
Source
Global user number of Paypal from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2025. Accessed on June 18, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/218493/paypals-total-active-registered-accounts-from-2010/
Examples
data(PaypalUsers)
Pesticide Consumption
Description
A data set containing the worldwide agricultural consumption of pesticides in million metric tons from 1990 to 2022.
Usage
data(PesticideConsumption)
Details
A data frame with 33 observations on the following variables.
Year
Pesticide
(in million metric tons)
Source
Agricultural consumption of pesticides worldwide from 1990 to 2022 (in million metric tons). Accessed on September 26, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1263077/global-pesticide-agricultural-use/
Examples
data(PesticideConsumption)
Pollen Count in Los Angeles, CA
Description
A data set containing the pollen count each day in Los Angeles from April to July of 2014.
Usage
data(PollenCountLA)
Details
A data frame with 30 observations on the following variables.
Date
(since April 1, 2014)Count
(Pollen count in Los Angeles, CA)
Source
Three-year average monthly pollen count in Los Angeles, California from “Historic Allergy Index for 90001 | Pollen.com.” Accessed on June 25, 2014.
References
http://www.pollen.com/allergy-trends.asp?PostalCode=90001
Examples
data(PollenCountLA)
Population of Belgium
Description
A data set containing the population of Belgium in millions of people.
Usage
data(PopulationBelgium)
Details
A data frame with 18 observations on the following variables.
Year
People
(in millions of people)
Source
Population of Belgium in millions of people by year from “Population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.” Accessed on June 26, 2014.
References
http://www.tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/population/benelux.htm
Examples
data(PopulationBelgium)
Mean Rooster Weight
Description
A data set containing the mean weight of roosters in grams as a function of the age in days.
Usage
data(RoosterWeight)
Details
A data frame with 28 observations on the following variables.
Day
Weight
(in grams)
Source
Aggrey, S.E. Comparison of Three Nonlinear and Spline Regression Models for Describing Chicken Growth Curves. Poultry Science, Volume 81, Issue 12, December 1, 2022, 1782-1788.
Examples
data(RoosterWeight)
Running Speed of Animals
Description
A data set containing the running speed in centimeters per second as a function of the length in centimeters of various animals.
Usage
data(RunningSpeed)
Details
A data frame with 12 observations on the following variables.
Length
(in centimeters)Speed
(in centimeters per second)
Source
Running speed and length of animals from page 152. McMahon, Thomas A., and John Tyler Bonner. On Size and Life. New York: Scientific American Library, 1983.
Examples
data(RunningSpeed)
SAT Math Scores in Kentucky
Description
A data set containing the average SAT math score in Kentucky each year from 1980 to 2013.
Usage
data(SATMathKentucky)
Details
A data frame with 34 observations on the following variables.
Year
Score
(Average SAT math score in Kentucky)
Source
Average SAT math score in Kentucky each year from 1980 to 2013 from College Board’s 2013 SAT State Profile Report for Kentucky. Accessed on July 16, 2014.
References
http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/research/2013/KY_13_03_03_01.pdf
Examples
data(SATMathKentucky)
Average Global Sea Surface Temperature
Description
A data set containing the average sea surface temperature from 1910 to 2020, measured in degrees Fahrenheit from a 1971-2000 baseline average.
Usage
data(SeaTemperature)
Details
A data frame with 111 observations on the following variables.
Year
Temperature
(in degrees Fahrenheit)
Source
Average global sea surface temperature from “Climate Change Indicators: Sea Surface Temperature.” Accessed on April 25, 2024.
References
https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-sea-surface-temperature
Examples
data(SeaTemperature)
Smartphone Users Worldwide
Description
A data set containing the worldwide number of smartphone users from 2014-2024 in millions.
Usage
data(SmartphoneUsers)
Details
A data frame with 11 observations on the following variables.
Year
Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of smartphone users worldwide from 2014 to 2029 (in millions). Accessed on October 2, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1143723/smartphone-users-in-the-world
Examples
data(SmartphoneUsers)
Solar photovoltaic capacity in United States
Description
A data set containing the cumulative solar photovoltaic capacity in the United States from 2000 to 2023 measured in megawatts.
Usage
data(SolarCapacity)
Details
A data frame with 24 observations on the following variables.
Year
Capacity
(in megawatts)
Source
Cumulative solar PV capacity in the United States from 2000 to 2023 (in megawatts). Accessed on October 2, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/232863/cumulative-solar-pv-capacity/
Examples
data(SolarCapcity)
Tides in St. Johns, Newfoundland
Description
A data set containing the water levels in meters at St. Johns, Newfoundland on the Bay of Fundy each hour from midnight July 13, 2025 to midnight July 15, 2025.
Usage
data(StJohnsTides)
Details
A data frame with 672 observations on the following variables.
Hour
(since midnight July 23, 2025)Level
(in meters)
Source
Water levels at St. Johns relative to chart datum. St. Johns - 00905. Accessed on August 2, 2025.
References
https://tides.gc.ca/en/stations/00905/2025-07-13
Examples
data(StJohnsTides)
Average Student Debt
Description
A subset of the data set containing the average cumulative debt of bachelor’s degree students enrolled in public colleges and universities.
Usage
data(StudentDebt1)
Details
A data frame with 7 observations on the following variables.
Year
Debt
(Average cummulative debt)
Source
Average debt load in 2013 dollars of bachelor’s degree recipients attending U.S. public colleges and universities who borrowed money to finance their education from “Average Cumulative Debt Load of Bachelor’s Degree Recipients at Public Four-Year Institutions over Time — Trends in Higher Education.” Accessed on July 5, 2015.
References
https://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid/figures-tables/average-debt-levels-public-sector-bachelors-degree-recipients-over-time
Examples
data(StudentDebt1)
Average Student Debt
Description
A data set containing the average cumulative debt of bachelor’s degree students enrolled in public colleges and universities.
Usage
data(StudentDebt2)
Details
A data frame with 15 observations on the following variables.
Year
Debt
(Average cumulative debt)
Source
Average debt load in 2013 dollars of bachelor’s degree recipients attending U.S. public colleges and universities who borrowed money to finance their education from “Average Cumulative Debt Load of Bachelor’s Degree Recipients at Public Four-Year Institutions over Time — Trends in Higher Education.” Accessed on July 5, 2015.
References
https://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid/figures-tables/average-debt-levels-public-sector-bachelors-degree-recipients-over-time
Examples
data(StudentDebt2)
Student Loan Debt in United States
Description
A data set containing the value of outstanding student loans in the United States in billions of US dollars each quarter from the first quarter of 2006 (Quarter=1) to the fourth quarter of 2024.
Usage
data(StudentLoans)
Details
A data frame with 76 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(quarter since first quarter of 2006)Loans
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
Value of outstanding student loans in the United States from Q1 2006 to Q4 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars). Accessed on August 3, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1077038/value-outstanding-student-loans-us/
Examples
data(StudentLoans)
Sun Position in Anchorage, Alaska
Description
A data set containing the altitude angle of the sun in Anchorage, Alaska, each hour from midnight on June 29, 2014 (hour 0) until midnight on June 30, 2014 (hour 24).
Usage
data(SunPositionAlaska)
Details
A data frame with 25 observations on the following variables.
Time
(hours since midnight on June 29, 2014)Position
(Altitude angle of the sun)
Source
Altitude angle of the sun in Anchorage, Alaska, each hour from midnight on June 29, 2014 (hour 0) until midnight on June 30, 2014 (hour 24) from “Sun & moon times, Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.A.” Accessed on July 1, 2014.
References
http://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/usa/anchorage
Examples
data(SunPositionAlaska)
Height of a Sunflower
Description
A data set containing the height of a sunflower in centimeters as a function of the day.
Usage
data(SunflowerHeight)
Details
A data frame with 13 observations on the following variables.
Day
Height
(in centimeters)
Source
Reed, H.S. and Holland, R. H., The Growth of an Annual Plant Helianthus, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 5, 135-144 (1919).
Examples
data(SunflowerHeight)
Sunrise in Cancun, Mexico
Description
A data set containing the time of sunrise in Cancun, Mexico in minutes after 6 AM on the first day of each month from July 2023 to August 2025.
Usage
data(SunriseCancun)
Details
A data frame with 26 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since July 2023)Sunrise
(minutes after 6 AM)
Source
Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico — Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength, August 2025. Accessed on August 4, 2025.
References
https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/mexico/cancun
Examples
data(SunriseCancun)
Sunrise in Los Angeles, CA
Description
A data set containing the number of minutes after 4 a.m. until sunrise in Los Angeles, California, adjusted for Daylight Savings Time, from January 2010 (month 1) through December 2011 (month 24).
Usage
data(SunriseLA)
Details
A data frame with 24 observations on the following variables.
Month
(from January 2010)Time
(minutes after 4 a.m.)
Source
Number of minutes after 4 a.m. until sunrise in Los Angeles, adjusted for Daylight Savings Time, from January 2010 (month 1) through December 2011 (month 24) from “Sunrise and sunset times in Los Angeles, December 2011.” Accessed on July 14, 2014.
References
http://www.timeanddate.com/sun/usa/los-angeles?month=12&year=2011
Examples
data(SunriseLA)
Sunset in Greenwich, England
Description
A data set containing the number of minutes after 3 p.m. until sunset at Greenwich, England since January 2010.
Usage
data(SunsetGreenwich)
Details
A data frame with 25 observations on the following variables.
Month
(from January 2010)Minutes
(minutes after 3 p.m.)
Source
Number of minutes after 3 p.m. until sunset in Greenwich, England since January 2010 from “Sunrise and sunset times in Greenwich Borough.” Accessed on July 14, 2014.
References
http://www.timeanddate.com/sun/uk/greenwich-city
Examples
data(SunsetGreenwich)
Sunset in Los Angeles, CA
Description
A data set containing the number of minutes after 4 p.m. until sunset in Los Angeles, California, adjusted for Daylight Savings time, from January 2010 (month 1) through December 2013 (month 48).
Usage
data(SunsetLA)
Details
A data frame with 48 observations on the following variables.
Month
(from January 2010)Minutes
(minutes after 4 p.m.)
Source
Number of minutes after 4 p.m. until sunset in Los Angeles, California, adjusted for Daylight Savings Time, from January 2010 (month 1) through December 2013 (month 48) from “Sunrise and sunset times in Los Angeles, December 2011.” Accessed on July 14, 2014.
References
http://www.timeanddate.com/sun/usa/los-angeles?month=12&year=2011
Examples
data(SunsetLA)
Swimming Speed of Various Animals
Description
A data set containing the swimming speed in centimeters per second as a function of the length in centimeters of various animals
Usage
data(SwimmingSpeed)
Details
A data frame with 17 observations on the following variables.
Length
(in centimeters)Speed
(swimming speed of animal in centimeters per second)
Source
Swimming speed and length of animals from page 152. McMahon, Thomas A., and John Tyler Bonner. On Size and Life. New York: Scientific American Library, 1983.
Examples
data(SwimmingSpeed)
Temperatures in Danville, KY
Description
A data set containing the average maximum temperature in Danville, Kentucky at the beginning of each month since January 2006
Usage
data(TemperaturesDanville)
Details
A data frame with 60 observations on the following variables.
Month
(from January 2006)Temperature
(in degrees Fahrenheit)
Source
Average maximum temperature in Danville, Kentucky at the beginning of each month since January 2006 from “noaa.gov.” Accessed on June 25, 2014
References
http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/cdo/352625.pdf
Examples
data(TemperaturesDanville)
Average Temperature in Lexington, KY
Description
A data set containing the average maximum temperature in Lexington, Kentucky at the beginning of each month since October 2019.
Usage
data(TemperaturesLexington)
Details
A data frame with 61 observations on the following variables.
Month
(since October 2019)Temperature
(in degrees Fahrenheit)
Source
Average maximum temperature in Lexington Kentucky at the beginning of each month since October 2019 from “Lexington, KY Weather History. Accessed on January 7, 2025.
References
https://www.wunderground.com/history/monthly/us/ky/lexington/KLEX/date/2024-10.
Examples
data(TemperaturesLexington)
Revenue of Tesla
Description
A data set containing the revenue of Tesla from 2008 to 2024 in millions of US dollars.
Usage
data(TeslaRevenue)
Details
A data frame with 9 observations on the following variables.
Year
Revenue
(in millions of US dollars)
Source
Revenue of Tesla from 2008 to 2024 (in millions U.S. dollars). Accessed on June 18, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/272120/revenue-of-tesla/
Examples
data(TeslaRevenue)
Body length of therapods
Description
A data set containing the body length in meters of different therapods as a function of the skull length in meters.
Usage
data(TherapodLength)
Details
A data frame with 19 observations on the following variables.
Skull
(in meters)Body
(in meters)
Source
Therrien, François & Henderson, Donald. (2007). My theropod is bigger than yours...or not: Estimating body size from skull length in theropods. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 108-115. doi: 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[108:MTIBTY] 2.0.CO;2. Accessed on October 8, 2024.
References
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232687833_My_theropod_is_bigger_than_yoursor_not_Estimating_body_size_from_skull_length_in_theropods.
Examples
data(TherapodLength)
Weight of Threadfin Bream
Description
A data set containing the weight of threadfin bream measured in grams as a function of their length in centimeters
Usage
data(ThreadfinBream)
Details
A data frame with 16 observations on the following variables.
Length
(in centimeters)Weight
(in grams)
Source
Pauly, D., Some simple methods for the 1983 assessment of tropical fish stocks.FAO Fish.Tech.Pap., (234):52 p.
Examples
data(ThreadfinBream)
Toyota Stock Prices
Description
A data set containing the average monthly stock price of Toyota from 1982 to 1998.
Usage
data(ToyotaMonthly)
Details
A data frame with 60 observations on the following variables.
Month
(from January 1982)Value
(in US dollars)
Source
Toyota Motors Corporation (TM) stock market value in U.S. dollars from “Yahoo Finance | TM Historical Prices.” Accessed on August 13, 2016.
References
http://finance.yahoo.com/quote/TM/history?p=TM
Examples
data(ToyotaMonthly)
Transistors in an Integrated Circuit
Description
A data set containing the number of transistors in an integrated circuit from 1971 to 2021.
Usage
data(Transistors)
Details
A data frame with 39 observations on the following variables.
Year
Transistors
Source
Number of transistors in an integrated circuit from “Moore's Law: The number of transistors per microprocessor.” Accessed on May 8, 2024.
References
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/transistors-per-microprocessor.
Examples
data(Transistors)
Twitter Users
Description
A data set containing the number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide by quarter (e.g., 10.25 represents April to June 2010) in millions of people.
Usage
data(TwitterUsers)
Details
A data frame with 17 observations on the following variables.
Year
(since 2000)Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2016 (in millions) from “Twitter : number of monthly active users 2010–2016 | Statista.” Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/
Examples
data(TwitterUsers)
Twitter Users
Description
A data set containing how many millions of people used Twitter from the first quarter of 2012 to the end of the third quarter of 2013.
Usage
data(TwitterUsers1)
Details
A data frame with 8 observations on the following variables.
Year
(since 2000)Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2016 (in millions) from “Twitter : number of monthly active users 2010–2016 | Statista.” Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/
Examples
data(TwitterUsers1)
Twitter Users
Description
A data set containing how many millions of people used Twitter from the first quarter of 2010 to the end of the third quarter of 2013.
Usage
data(TwitterUsers2)
Details
A data frame with 15 observations on the following variables.
Year
(since 2000)Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2016 (in millions) from “Twitter : number of monthly active users 2010–2016 | Statista.” Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/
Examples
data(TwitterUsers2)
Twitter Users
Description
A data set containing how many millions of people used Twitter from the first quarter of 2010 to the beginning of 2016.
Usage
data(TwitterUsers3)
Details
A data frame with 24 observations on the following variables.
Year
(since 2000)Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2016 (in millions) from “Twitter : number of monthly active users 2010–2016 | Statista.” Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/
Examples
data(TwitterUsers3)
Online Retail Sales in the United Kingdom
Description
A data set containing the value of online retail sales in billions of Great British pounds (GBP) in the United Kingdom from 2012 to 2022.
Usage
data(UKOnlineSales)
Details
A data frame with 11 observations on the following variables.
Year
Sales
(in billions of GBP)
Source
Value of online retail sales in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2012 to 2022 (in billion GBP). Accessed on June 24, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/315506/online-retail-sales-in-the-united-kingdom/
Examples
data(UKOnlineSales)
US CO2 Emissions
Description
A data set containing U.S. carbon dioxide emissions in kT (energy) annually from 1980 to 2008 according to the World Bank.
Usage
data(USCO2Emissions)
Details
A data frame with 29 observations on the following variables.
Year
kT
Source
United States carbon dioxide emissions in kT annually from 1960 to 2010 according to the World Bank at “Data | United States.” Accessed on July 10, 2014.
References
http://data.worldbank.org/country/united-states
Examples
data(USCO2Emissions)
United States Debt as a Percentage of GDP
Description
A data set containing the total public debt of the United States as a percentage of the US gross domestic product from the first quarter of 1966 to the first quarter of 2025.
Usage
data(USGDPDebt)
Details
A data frame with 237 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since first Quarter of 1966)Percent
Source
U.S. Office of Management and Budget and Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product [GFDEGDQ188S], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Accessed on August 10, 2025.
References
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GFDEGDQ188S
Examples
data(USGDPDebt)
United States Gross Domestic Product
Description
A data set containing the gross domestic product of the United States in billions of US dollars each quarter from the first quarter of 1966 to the second quarter of 2025.
Usage
data(USGrossDomesticProduct)
Details
A data frame with 238 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since first Quarter of 1966)GDP
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Gross Domestic Product [GDP], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Accessed on August 15, 2025.
References
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP
Examples
data(USGrossDomesticProduct)
United States Inflation Rate
Description
A data set containing the annual inflation rate of the United States from 2010 to 2023.
Usage
data(USInflationRate)
Details
A data frame with 14 observations on the following variables.
Year
Rate
Source
Projected annual inflation rate in the United States from 2010 to 2029. Accessed on May 31, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/244983/projected-inflation-rate-in-the-united-states/
Examples
data(USInflationRate)
United States Military Spending
Description
A data set containing the annual United States military spending in billions of US dollars from 1960 to 2022.
Usage
data(USMilitarySpending)
Details
A data frame with 35 observations on the following variables.
Year
Spending
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
U.S. Military Spending/Defense Budget 1960-2025. Accessed on May 28, 2025.
References
https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/countries/usa/united-states/military-spending-defense-budget
Examples
data(USMilitarySpending)
United States National Debt
Description
A data set containing the total United States pulic debt in millions of US dollars each quarter from the first quarter of 1966 to the first quarter of 2025.
Usage
data(USNationalDebt)
Details
A data frame with 237 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since first Quarter of 1966)Debt
(in millions of US dollars)
Source
U.S. Department of the Treasury. Fiscal Service, Federal Debt: Total Public Debt [GFDEBTN], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Accessed on August 15, 2025.
References
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GFDEBTN
Examples
data(USNationalDebt)
United States Nuclear Tests
Description
A data set containing the cumulative number of nuclear tests conducted by the United States as a function of the year.
Usage
data(USNuclearTests)
Details
A data frame with 48 observations on the following variables.
Year
Tests
Source
United States Nuclear Tests July 1945 through September 1992. U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office. DOE/NV—209REV15, December 2000. Accessed on June 17, 2025.
References
https://www.osti.gov/opennet/manhattan-project-history/publications/DOENuclearTests.pdf
Examples
data(USNuclearTests)
United States Population
Description
A data set containing the population of the United States in thousands of people each decade.
Usage
data(USPopulationDecade)
Details
A data frame with 23 observations on the following variables.
Year
Population
(in thousands of people)
Source
Population of the United States from 1610 to 2020 (in thousands). Accessed on July 22, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1067138/population-united-states-historical/
Examples
data(USPopulationDecade)
US Electricity Generation
Description
A data set containing the United States net electricity generation in terawatt-hours from 1950 to 2024.
Usage
data(USPowerProduction)
Details
A data frame with 27 observations on the following variables.
Year
Power
(in terawatt-hours)
Source
Net electricity generation in the United States from 1950 to 2024 (in terawatt-hours). Accessed on June 18, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/188521/total-us-electricity-net-generation/
Examples
data(USPowerProduction)
US Retail Tax
Description
A data set containing U.S. retail tax in millions of dollars each year from 2005 through 2011.
Usage
data(USRetailTax)
Details
A data frame with 7 observations on the following variables.
Year
Tax
(in millions of dollars)
Source
Annual total retail sales taxes collected in the United States in each year from “Monthly & Annual Retail Trade, Main Page — U.S. Census Bureau.” Accessed on July 14, 2014.
References
http://www.census.gov/retail/
Examples
data(USRetailTax)
United States Tax Receipts
Description
A data set containing the total amount of United States federal government receipts in billions of US dollars each quarter from January 1947 to January 2025.
Usage
data(USTaxReceipts)
Details
A data frame with 313 observations on the following variables.
Quarter
(since January 1947)Receipts
(in billions of US dollars)
Source
Federal government current tax receipts, billions of US dollars, seasonally adjusted annual rate. Accessed on August 1, 2025
References
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/W006RC1Q027SBEA
Examples
data(USTaxReceipts)
Total U.S. Population
Description
A data set containing the U.S. population in millions of people each decade from 1900 to 2010 based on the census.
Usage
data(USTotalPopulation)
Details
A data frame with 9 observations on the following variables.
Year
Population
(US population in millions of people)RelGrowth
(Relative growth rate of the US population)
Source
U.S. census data for 1950–2000 is from “Measuring America: The Decennial Censuses from 1790 to 2000.” Accessed on June 9, 2016.
References
https://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/pol02-ma.pdf http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/
Examples
data(USTotalPopulation)
United States Unemployment Rate
Description
A data set containing the annual United States unemployment rate from 1990 to 2024.
Usage
data(UnemploymentRate)
Details
A data frame with 35 observations on the following variables.
Year
Rate
Source
Unemployment rate in the United States from 1990 to 2024. Accessed on May 28, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/193290/unemployment-rate-in-the-usa-since-1990/
Examples
data(UnemploymentRate)
Urban Population
Description
A data set containing the urban population of the United States (in millions) from 1960 to 2020.
Usage
data(UrbanPopulation)
Details
A data frame with 61 observations on the following variables.
Year
Population
(in millions of people)
Source
Size of the urban and rural population of the United States from 1960 to 2020 (in millions). Accessed on September 19, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/985183/size-urban-rural-population-us/
Examples
data(UrbanPopulation)
Mammalian maximal metabolic rate
Description
A data set containing the maximal metabolic rate in mL/min of various mammalian species as a function of their mass in kilograms
Usage
data(VO2Max)
Details
A data frame with 34 observations on the following variables.
Mass
(in kilograms)VO2Max
(in mL/min)
Source
Ewald R. Weibel, Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Beat Schmitt, and Hans Hoppeler. Allometric scaling of maximal metabolic rate in mammals: muscle aerobic capacity as determinant factor, Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Volume 140, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 115-132, ISSN 1569-9048, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2004.01.006. Accessed on October 8, 2024.
References
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569904804000126.
Examples
data(VO2Max)
United States Vehicle Registrations
Description
A data set containing the number of motor vehicles registered in the United States in 1000's from 1990 to 2022.
Usage
data(VehicleRegistrations)
Details
A data frame with 33 observations on the following variables.
Year
Vehicles
(in 1000's)
Source
Number of motor vehicles registered in the United States from 1990 to 2022 (in 1,000s). Accessed on September 26, 2024.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/183505/number-of-vehicles-in-the-united-states-since-1990/
Examples
data(VehicleRegistrations)
Number of Verizon Employees
Description
A data set containing the number of employees at Verizon in thousands from 2007 to 2024.
Usage
data(VerizonEmployees)
Details
A data frame with 18 observations on the following variables.
Year
Employees
(in thousands)
Source
Number of employees at Verizon from 2007 to 2024. Accessed on August 1, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/257304/number-of-employees-at-verizon/
Examples
data(VerizonEmployees)
Water Levels in Eastport, Maine
Description
A data set containing the water level in Eastport, Maine from May 26, 2016 to May 27, 2016 measured in feet above the mean lower water level as a function of the time after 12:00 a.m. on May 26, 2016.
Usage
data(WaterLevelsEastportMaine)
Details
A data frame with 477 observations on the following variables.
Hours
(since 12 a.m. on May 26m, 2016)WaterLevel
(feet above the mean lower water level)
Source
Observed water levels in Eastport, Maine from NOAA Tides and Currents. Accessed on June 2, 2016.
References
http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/waterlevels.html?id=8410140&units=standard&bdate=20160526&edate=20160527&timezone=GMT&datum=MLLW&interval=6&action=
Examples
data(WaterLevelsEastportMaine)
Weight Change during Pregnancy
Description
A data set containing the change in one woman’s weight during a pregnancy from the beginning of her second trimester until birth.
Usage
data(WeightChange)
Details
A data frame with 129 observations on the following variables.
Day
(since beginning of second trimester)Weight
(in pounds)
Source
Personal data collection
Examples
data(WeightChange)
Wine Quality of Red Vinho Verde Wines from Portugal
Description
A data set containing data on 1599 red vinho verde wines from Portugal. For each wine, the alcohol level, the volatile acidity of the wine, amount of sulphates present in the wine, and a sensory score assigned by a human expert based on the wines smell is recorded.
Usage
data(WineQuality)
Details
A data frame with 1599 observations on the following variables.
volatileAcidity
(in grams per liter)sulphates
(parts per million)alcohol
(percent)quality
(number between 0 and 10)
Source
Cortez, P., Cerdeira, A., Almeida, F., Matos, T., & Reis, J. (2009). Wine Quality [Dataset]. UCI Machine Learning Repository. Accessed on May 21, 2025.
References
https://doi.org/10.24432/C56S3T.
Examples
data(WineQuality)
Sales Volume of Wine in United States
Description
A data set containing the sales volume of wine in the United States, measured in millions of 9-liter cases, from 1999 to 2023.
Usage
data(WineSales)
Details
A data frame with 23 observations on the following variables.
Year
Cases
(millions of 9-liter cases)
Source
Sales volume of wine in the United States from 1999 to 2023 (in million 9-liter cases). Accessed on March 11, 2025.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics/715474/wine-sales-in-us/
Examples
data(WineSales)
World Population
Description
A data set containing the total midyear population for the world from 1950 to 2015.
Usage
data(WorldPopulation)
Details
A data frame with 14 observations on the following variables.
Year
People
(in billions)
Source
Estimated world population data from 1950 to 2015 from “International Programs — Total Mid-Year Population for the World: 1950–2050 — U.S. Census Bureau.” Accessed on June 16, 2014.
References
http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/worldpop/table_population.php
Examples
data(WorldPopulation)
World Population Change
Description
A data set containing the percent growth of the world’s population as a function of the year from 1970 to 2015.
Usage
data(WorldPopulationChange)
Details
A data frame with 10 observations on the following variables.
Year
Growth
(Percent growth of worlds population)
Source
World population from the U.S. Census Bureau. Accessed on June 3, 2016.
References
http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/worldpop/table_population.php
Examples
data(WorldPopulationChange)
Active X Users Worldwide
Description
A data set containing the number of active X (formerly Twitter) users worldwide in millions each quarter from the first quarter of 2020 to the first quarter of 2019.
Usage
data(XUsers)
Details
A data frame with 37 observations on the following variables.
Year
Users
(in millions)
Source
Number of monthly active X (formerly Twitter) users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2019. Accessed on January 15, 2025.
References
http://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/
Examples
data(XUsers)
Yellow Cards in World Cup
Description
A data set containing the number of yellow cards given per men’s World Cup tournament from 1970 to 2010.
Usage
data(YellowCards)
Details
A data frame with 11 observations on the following variables.
Year
Cards
Number of yellow cards given
Source
Number of yellow cards given per men’s World Cup tournament from “Planet World Cup.” Accessed on July 16, 2014.
References
http://www.planetworldcup.com
Examples
data(YellowCards)