To cite the current, hierarchical ctsem use:

Driver CC, Voelkle MC (2018). “Hierarchical Bayesian continuous time dynamic modeling.” Psychological Methods, 23(4), 774-799. doi:10.1037/met0000168.

To cite the original ctsem use:

Driver CC, Oud JHL, Voelkle MC (2017). “Continuous Time Structural Equation Modeling with R package ctsem.” Journal of Statistical Software, 77(5), 1–35. doi:10.18637/jss.v077.i05.

To cite the current manual use:

Driver CC, Voelkle MC (2021). “Hierarchical continuous time modeling.” In Rauthmann JF (ed.), The Handbook of Personality Dynamics and Processes, 887-908. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-813995-0, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-813995-0.00034-0.

Corresponding BibTeX entries:

  @Article{,
    title = {Hierarchical {{Bayesian}} continuous time dynamic
      modeling.},
    author = {Charles C. Driver and Manuel C. Voelkle},
    journal = {Psychological Methods},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {23},
    number = {4},
    pages = {774-799},
    doi = {10.1037/met0000168},
  }

  @Article{,
    title = {Continuous Time Structural Equation Modeling with {R}
      package {ctsem}},
    author = {Charles C. Driver and Johan H. L. Oud and Manuel C.
      Voelkle},
    journal = {Journal of Statistical Software},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {77},
    number = {5},
    pages = {1--35},
    doi = {10.18637/jss.v077.i05},
  }

  @InCollection{,
    title = {Hierarchical continuous time modeling},
    editor = {John F. Rauthmann},
    booktitle = {The Handbook of Personality Dynamics and Processes},
    publisher = {Academic Press},
    pages = {887-908},
    year = {2021},
    isbn = {978-0-12-813995-0},
    doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-813995-0.00034-0},
    author = {Charles C. Driver and Manuel C. Voelkle},
  }