# The &kword; Handbook

## Introduction

&kword;, is a full featured WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) Word-processor/Desktop Publishing Program.

&kword; is part of the &koffice; productivity suite for the Trinity Desktop Environment. Other applications in &koffice; include:

- &kspread; (A spreadsheet application.)

- &kpresenter; (A presentation creator.)

- &karbon14; (A vector drawing program.)

- &kivio; (A flowchart creator)

- &chalk; (A pixel based drawing program.)

- &kugar; (A report generation tool.)

- &kexi; (An integrated environment for databases.)

- &kchart; (A chart and graph creator.)

- KPlato (An integrated project management and planning tool.)

- and a simple integrated office desktop, to help organize your work.

All &koffice; applications were designed from the beginning to take advantage of the features of &tde;. Because of this, &kword; (like all of &koffice;), supports many advanced features you expect from todays desktop environment.

&kword; is a word-processor which can work either as a traditional word processor, or as a simple but powerful desktop publishing application. This is possible because &kword; is a frame oriented word processor, not a page oriented word processor (&Microsoft; Word,&Wordperfect; and Applixware are all page oriented word processors).

Frame oriented word processors work by creating one or more frames per page. Each frame acts as a boundary (like a frame which surrounds a photograph), which limits the text to the boundaries of the frame. You can move and re-size boundaries to define exactly where on the page the text will be placed. As you re-size frames, the text is reworked to fit within these frames.

Button

You can easily connect one frame to the next. When you connect two frames, any text which does not fit within the first frame, flows easily and automatically into the next.

Button

In addition to text, you can include virtually anything inside a frame. A frame can contain a spreadsheet, pictures, a database form, or nearly any piece of data. Since each page can have any number of frames, documents can appear quite sophisticated while still remaining easy to edit.

&kword; users also benefit from the auto wrap features of &kword;. When you place one frame on top of part of another frame, the text from the lowest frame can be automatically wrapped around the newly created frame. This reformatting occurs in a WYSIWYG Graphical User Interface, and happens automatically while you edit.

Button

As a word-processor, &kword; includes the most used options of many other word processors, while maintaining a simple interface. In addition to the features you expect from a modern word-processing package (text entry, bold face, italics, text alignment, text printing, &etc;), &kword; can:

- Use predefined templates, to generate complex document layout with one click of the mouse. As a user, you can build your own templates, download templates from the web, or use the current document to create a new template.

- &kword; provides automatic numbering of lists and automatic bulleting of lists with any character or shape you want.

- Define paragraph layout styles, frame layout styles and table layout styles, to shorten the editing time of your document, and ensure consistency throughout a long document.

- Edit headers and footers for your documents. You can have different headers for even and odd pages, or the same headers throughout.

- Search through your document for text. You can further refine your search by specifying font, format, font size and many other features of the text. By adding wild-cards to your search, the search and replace functions can become very powerful.

- Footnotes and Endnotes. &kword; has all the tools necessary to manage footnotes or endnotes.

- Tables. You can either use the table formatting capabilities of &kword;, or you can import any spreadsheet from &kspread;.

- &kword; has built in support for KParts. KParts allows you to insert any spreadsheet, picture, chart, graph, document, or any other data type from any &koffice; application. You are free to edit that KPart using the tools designed for that task, without needing to start the application at all.

- &kword; can zoom in or out to make the editing of your documents easier on any computer, and with any font size.

- &kword; supports customizable toolbars and menus.

- &kword; has extensive internationalization support including right-to-left and left-to-right text flow.

- You can embed formulas directly into &kword; using the integrated formula editor.

- You can have &kword; auto-correct many of the most common spelling and punctuation mistakes.

- &kword; can check the spelling of your document. &kword; can automatically mark misspelled words as you type.

- You can access an on-line thesaurus (English only) to find the exact word you are looking for.

- &kword; can automatically create a table of contents, and keep it up to date.

- &kword; has optional autocompletion for commonly used words.

- &kword; has support for document bookmarks, to easily navigate large documents..

- &kword; has support for Internet hyperlinks and email addresses.

- &kword; has the ability for proofreaders to make comments about portions of the text. These comments are stored in the &kword; file, and can be changed or deleted easily.

- &kword; can merge data from an outside database, spreadsheet, document or text file to create mailinglists, form letters, invoices, etc.

- &kword; can load and save documents from other wordprocessing programs with an extensive list of filters.

- &kword; can create PDF files.

- You can edit one document from multiple views. This allows you to have several windows open on one document. Edits in one window are immediately updated in the other window.

- &kword; can surround your frames with borders and you can set the background color of each frame separately if you want.

- &kword; has several accessibility features, including the ability to speak all or part of a document using Text-to-Speech (KTTS) and manipulate documents using the keyboard only.

The best part about &kword;, is the effort that has been placed to make &kword; a productive tool for all your needs from the simplest letter, to the most complex document you might need to work on.

### What parts of this guide should I read?

Anyone who has looked at the table of contents has surely come to the conclusion that reading this manual from cover to cover, is an unreasonable (and fortunately unnecessary) task.

This user guide is designed to be helpful to a wide variety of users, from the very experienced, to the novice user. Since different users will have different needs, each section of this manual is self-contained. The user is not expected to have read all of the previous sections of the manual to find the instructions useful.

To help determine what should be read before starting to work with &kword;, a suggested reading list for three levels of users is given below.

If each of these sections is read before starting to use &kword;, using &kword; will be easier.

Experience Level | Previous Experience | What you should read
Novice | No previous computer experience | Fundamentals Step by Step Tutorial The &kword; Screen Document Storage and Printing Editing Your Document Introduction to Menu Bars and Toolbars The difference between Text Oriented and Page Layout templates
Intermediate | Comfortable with other page based word processors (&Microsoft; Word, Word Perfect or Applixware.) | Fundamentals Step by Step Tutorial The difference between Text Oriented and Page Layout templates
Advanced User | Comfortable with other frames based word processors (Frame Maker, &etc;). | The difference between Text Oriented and Page Layout templates

These sections will help with the basic information. As other specific questions or situations arise, the other sections of this manual can be used as a reference.

Obviously this will not cover everyone's needs. Please use it as a guide to help determine which parts of the manual will be helpful to read before you begin using &kword;.

&fundamentals; &tutorial; &basics; &storeprint; &editing;

## Detailed Guides: Document Layout

This section of the guide is designed to help the user with the format and layout of their documents. The section will begin with information on changing the size and shape of the page and the margins, and work progressively through smaller and smaller blocks of text (frames, then paragraphs, then characters). At each level, all of the format and layout options will be explained.

After discussing the formatting of individual characters, the manual will elaborate on styles (to provide consistent formatting through the document), lists, multi-column documents, tables and finally the use of headers and footers in a document.

The final part will show you how to save a document as a template for future documents.

&pageformat; &frames; &formatframe; &formatpara; &tabstops; &formatcharacters; &styles; &columns; &lists; &tabls; &headersfooters; &templatecreation;

## Detailed Guides: More than just text

Up to this point in the documentation, we have been focusing on text. That is about to change!

This chapter will discuss inserting a table of contents, graphics, page numbers, links to web pages and how to insert other types of &koffice; data into a document.

This chapter will also cover document information and its relationship to document variables.

### Entering Document information

&kword; can store information about the author and the document in the same file as the text and data of the document.

Entering this information into &kword; has two potential benefits:

1. This information will always be available for reference. This is especially important in situations where there are many possible authors (employees) and hundreds (or thousands) of documents.

2. The information supplied here, can be inserted automatically into the document as a document variable.

To enter document information, simply select File Document Information... from the menubar. This will bring up a dialog box with two tabs.

The first tab is labeled General. Enter a document Title, Subject lines, Keywords and an Abstract.

The bottom of this page displays the Type of the document, the date of the creation and modification, the last printing date, the Total editing time and the Revision number. Click on Reset to clear all data and set the actual date as creation date.

Both the document Title and the Abstract can be accessed throughdocument variables.

The second tab is labeled Author and has blanks to enter the authors name, Initials, Title, Position, Company and contact information (email address, telephone numbers and physical address).

Every value entered in this dialog can be inserted as a document variables.

At the bottom of the dialog is a button labeled Load From Address Book. Clicking on this button will automatically insert your information contained in the &tde; address book into this &kword; document information dialog.

You must inform the &tde; address book which entry corresponds to your information.

To do this, open the &tde; address book, select the entry that contains your name and address. Now select Edit Set as Personal Contact Datafrom the menubar in the &tde; address book. This only needs to be performed once.

&kword; will now insert the entered information when the Load From Address Book button is clicked.

The second button Delete Personal Data allows you to remove all data of the entries on this page.

When finished entering the information, click OK to apply the changes. If any document variables were changed, &kword; will update their values throughout the document.

&graphics; &toc; &variables; &expressions; &links; &comments; &footend; &parts; &insfile; &bookmarks; &formulas;
&a11y;

## Advanced Topics

The sections that are included in this chapter are for advanced users. The instructions for these sections will assume you are familiar with the basic operation of &kword;.

&struct; &mmerge;

## How do I...

The next part of &kword; documentation is designed to provide examples on how to solve specific problems using &kword;.

Each section is a self contained list of steps, and refers the reader to other sections of the documentation for more complete information on different aspects of &kword;.

These examples were selected to:

- Show how &kword; might function differently from other word processors you are used to.

- Show how to combine several elements to create the desired document.

- Illustrate the power of &kword;.

You can use these examples as recipes for your document, or modify them to create the look or content you desire.

### How do I get the pages numbers on the outsides of the pages and the title in the middle of the header (like a novel)?

This first example shows how you can combine center tabs and variables in a header to create a common format to your document.

Your document must be at least 2 pages long before you begin this procedure.

1. Select File Document Information from the menubar.

2. Click on the General tab.

3. Click once in the text box labeled Title with the &LMB; and enter the desired document title.

4. Click on the OK button.

5. Select Format Page Layout... from the menubar.

6. Click on the Header & Footer tab.

7. Select Different header for even and odd pages.

8. Then click OK.

9. Select Format Enable Document Headers from the menubar.

10. Move to an odd numbered page in your document, and click in the header box.

11. Select Format Paragraph... from the menubar.

12. The Paragraph Settings dialog will appear. Click on the Tabulators tab.

13. Click the New button.

14. Using the arrows of the spinbox labeled Position enter a value that is exactly 1/2 the frame width. The frame width is listed directly below the Position spin box.

15. Click the Center radio button in the section entitled Alignment.

16. Click the New button again.

17. Using the arrows of the spinbox labeled Position enter a value that is slightly less than the frame width. The frame width is listed directly below the Position spin box.

18. Click the Right radio button in the section entitled Alignment.

19. Then click OK.

20. Click in the header again with the &LMB;.

21. Type the key. This will move the cursor to the center of the header.

22. Select Insert Variable Document Information Document Title from the menubar.

23. Type the key again. This will move the cursor near the right margin of the header.

24. Select Insert Variable Page Page Number from the menubar.

25. Move to an even numbered page in your document, and click in the header box.

26. Select Format Paragraph from the menubar.

27. The Paragraph Settings dialog will appear. Click on the Tabulators tab.

28. Click the New button.

29. Using the arrows of the spinbox labeled Position enter a value that is exactly 1/2 the frame width. The frame width is listed directly below the Position spin box.

30. Click the Center radio button in the section entitled Alignment.

31. Then click OK.

32. Click in the header again with the &LMB;.

33. Select Insert Variable Page Page Number from the menubar.

34. Type the key. This will move the cursor to the center of the header.

35. Select Insert Variable Document Information Document Title from the menubar.

That completes the procedure. Your document now has the title of the document in the center along the top of each page, and the page numbers on the outside corners of the pages.

If you want page numbers on the bottom of the pages, you can use Footers instead of headers in your document.

### How do I create a `.pdf` file?

&kword; differs slightly from other word processors here. Instead of saving your file as a `.pdf` file, you print your file to create the `.pdf` file.

When you are ready to create a `.pdf` file from your document:

1. Select File Print from the menubar.

   This will bring up the Print dialog.

2. In the combo box labeled Name, select Print to File (PDF)

3. Enter your desired filename in the Output file: text box.

4. If you wish to make any changes to the PDF formatting, select Properties.

   A complete explanation to all these properties, is beyond the scope of this document.

5. Click OK.

Your PDF file will be created and saved at the location specified in Output file.

### How do I remove template categories from the startup dialog.

Templates can only be removed using the Create Template dialog. For instructions, click Removing template group.

&mbtb; &opt;

## Questions and Answers

When I try to load a document or picture, it does not appear in my dialog box, but I know I saved it there. Why can I not see it?

Check to make sure that you have selected the correct file type in the open dialog box. If you save a file in one format, but ask &kword; to show you the files from another format, you will not see your saved file.

What is a `kwd` file? What is a `kwt` file?

A `kwd` file is a &kword; document.

A `kwt` file is a &kword; template file.

Where can I get updates?

For updates to &kword; you should always check the following sites:

The &koffice; website (http://koffice.kde.org) is the first place to look for updates. Any software updates, bug fixes or announcements of new releases of &koffice; will be found here.

Addons for &koffice; can be found at http://koffice.kde.org/addons/.

How do themes affect &kword;?

&kword; (like all of &koffice;) is completely themeable. You can use any QT or &tde; theme to customize the look of &kword;.

Can I use &kword; to read &Microsoft; Word files?

&kword; does have the ability to import &Microsoft; Word files. The conversion process is not perfect, and some formatting information will be lost. For more details please refer to the Import/Export Filters section of the documentation.

Can I save my &kword; document as a &Microsoft; Word file?

At the moment, &kword; does not yet provide support for exporting to &Microsoft; Word documents. If you need to exchange documents with MS Word, you should use Rich Text Format as an intermediate file format. Rich Text Format files are converted well by both &Microsoft; Word and &kword;,

Can I save my &kword; document as a PDF file?

Yes. Instructions on creating a PDF file are found here.

I have to exchange documents with a friend who does not have &kword;; what is the best way to do this ?

What you and your friend need to do is agree on a file format that both word processors can read and write effectively. Rich Text Format is probably a good choice.

## Credits and Licenses

&kword; Copyright 1999-2005 by The &kword; Team

## &kword; Developers (Alphabetically)

- Dag Andersen danders@get2net.dk

- John Califf jcaliff@compuzone.net

- Frank Dekervel frank.dekervel@student.kuleuven.ac.be

- Krister Wicksell Eriksson krister.wicksell@spray.se

- &David.Faure; &David.Faure.mail;

- Nicolas Goutte goutte@kde.org

- Shaheed Haque srhaque@iee.org

- &Simon.Hausmann; &Simon.Hausmann.mail;

- Nash Hoogwater nrhoogwater@wanadoo.nl

- &Stephan.Kulow; &Stephan.Kulow.mail;

- Sven Lüppken sven@kde.org>

- Laurent Montel montel@kde.org

- &Daniel.Naber; &Daniel.Naber.mail;

- Reginald Stadlbauer reggie@kde.org

- Werner Trobin trobin@kde.org

- Torben Weis weis@kde.org

- &Joseph.Wenninger; jowenn@kde.org

- Thomas Zander zander@kde.org

## &kword; Import/Export Filter Developers (Alphabetically)

- Enno Bartels ebartels@nwn.de

- Wolf-Michael Bolle

- &Matthias.Kalle.Dalheimer; kalle@dalheimer.de

- Clarence Dang dang@kde.org

- Frank Dekervel frank.dekervel@student.kuleuven.ac.be

- Nicolas Goutte goutte@kde.org

- Tomasz Grobelny grotk@poczta.onet.pl

- Shaheed Haque srhaque@iee.org

- Ariya Hidayat ariya@kde.org

- Robert Jacolin rjacolin@ifrance.com

- Michael Johnson

- Ewald Snel ewald@rambo.its.tudelft.nl

## &kformula; developers

- Andrea Rizzi rizzi@kde.org

- Ulrich Kuettler ulrich.kuettler@mailbox.tu-dresden.de

Documentation by &Mike.McBride;

&underFDL;

This program is licensed under the terms of the &GNU; Library General Public License v2.

## Installation

### How to obtain &kword;

&kword; is part of the &tde; project http://www.kde.org. &kword; is located in the &koffice; package which can be obtained from &kde-ftp;, the main ftp site of the &tde; project.

Many distributions offer precompiled binaries on their ftp sites. Please check your distribution's web sites for more information.

If you want to compile &kword; from source, then you should read through the next few sections for help on compilation.

### Requirements

In order to successfully use &kword;, you need:

- &Qt; Toolkit 3.2 or later. This can be obtained from Trolltech.

  While &koffice; will compile and run with any version of &Qt; 3.2 or later, it is recommended that you compile and install &Qt; 3.3.4 to take advantage of all the bug fixes (including some security fixes) that have occurred.

- &tde; 3.3.0 libraries (tdelibs) and the &tde; 3.3.0 base package (tdebase). These can be obtained from the &tde; web page.

  While &koffice; will compile and run with any version of &tde; 3.3.0 or later, it is recommended that you compile and install &tde; 3.4 to take advantage of all the bug fixes that have occurred.

  It is also recommended that you install the arts package 1.3.2 from the &tde; &FTP; site.

- &GNU; c++ compiler or any c++ compiler that supports exceptions. For help on obtaining this, please refer to your distribution's web site.

- autoconf 2.53 or later and automake 1.7 or later

In order to use external databases for mail merging documents, you must have the QT toolkit compiled with SQL support. To add SQL support (as a plugin), simply include `-plugin-sql-`driver`` in your configure line.

`driver` should be replaced with `mysql`, `odbc`, `CVS`, or `psql` as is appropriate for your database needs.

### Compilation and Installation

Complete instructions on installing &koffice; from source are located at http://www.koffice.org/download/source.php.

## &kword; Command Line Options

You can specify some initial actions for &kword;. The most commonly used options are discussed below with instructions on finding help on the rest of the command line options.

Specifying the file name

Probably the most common command line option used is to specify the file to edit.

The format for specifying the file name is:

    $ kword filename

Example:

    $ kword Resume.kwd

This will cause &kword; to load `Resume.kwd` for editing.

Show &kword; version

To see the version numbers for the QT toolkit, &tde;, and &kword; type:

    $ kword -v

Show the license for &kword;

To see the license for &kword; type:

    $ kword --license

Show &kword; developer list

To see the list of developers for &kword; type:

    $ kword --author

Other command line options

There are many other, rarely used, command line options. You can get detailed help on these options by typing:

    $ kword --help

## Import/Export Filters

### Introduction to Filters

&kword; has the ability (with varying success) to load data from foreign (non-&koffice;) data files. &kword; also has the ability to save data as non-&koffice; data files. This is provided to help users of &kword; to interact more seamlessly with people who use other operating systems and wordprocessors.

&kword; does this by loading a non-&koffice; datafile into memory and passing the data through a filter to extract as much information as possible from the data file. Some formatting information will be lost or changed by the filter in the attempt.

When &kword; reads data into &kword; from a non-&koffice; file format, it is importing the data.

When &kword; saves a &kword; document as a non-&koffice; file format, it is exporting the data.

### Filters included in &kword;

&kword; comes with the following filters:

Application | Import | Export
Abiword | Yes | Yes
AmiPro | Yes | Yes
Applixword | Yes | No
&HTML; | Yes | Yes
&kpresenter; | Yes | No
Hancom Word | Yes | No
Magic Point Presentation | Yes | No
&Microsoft; Powerpoint | Yes | No
&Microsoft; Word | Yes | No
&Microsoft; Write | Yes | Yes
Oasis OpenDocument | Yes | Yes
Openoffice.org Presentation | Yes | No
Openoffice.org Text Document | Yes | Yes
Palm Document | Yes | Yes
PDF | Yes | No
Plain Text | Yes | Yes
RTF | Yes | Yes
SGML | No | Yes
TeX Document | No | Yes
WML | Yes | Yes
Wordperfect | Yes | Yes
&XML; | Yes | No

For details on each filter, please refer to the &koffice; filters web page.

## Key Bindings Summary

Keybindings for Working with Documents

Start New Document | &Ctrl;N
Open Document | &Ctrl;O
Save Document | &Ctrl;S
Print Document | &Ctrl;P
Close Document | &Ctrl;W
Quit &kword; | &Ctrl;Q

Keybindings for Character Selection

Move selection one character to the left. | &Shift;Left Arrow
Move selection one word to the left. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Left Arrow
Move selection one character to the right. | &Shift;Right Arrow
Move selection one word to the right. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Right Arrow
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the character directly up one line. | &Shift;Up Arrow
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the first character of the line directly above. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Up Arrow
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the character directly down one line. | &Shift;Down Arrow
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the last character of the line directly below. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Down Arrow
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the beginning of the line. | &Shift;Home
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the beginning of the document. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Home
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the end of the line. | &Shift;End
Selects all characters from the start of the selection, to the end of the document. | &Ctrl;&Shift;End
Moves the current endpoint one screen up. | &Shift;Page-Up
Moves the current endpoint one page up. The endpoint is located at the first character of this page. | &Ctrl;&Shift;Page-Up
Moves the current endpoint down one screen. | &Shift;Page-Down
Moves the current endpoint down one page. The endpoint is located at the first character of this page. | &Ctrl; &Shift;Page-Down
Select all text in the current frame. | &Ctrl;A

Keybindings for Character Formatting

Toggle Boldface On/Off | &Ctrl;B
Toggle Italics On/Off | &Ctrl;I
Toggle Underline On/Off | &Ctrl;U
Format Font | &Alt;&Ctrl;F
Decrease Font Size | &Ctrl;<
Increase Font Size | &Ctrl;>

Keybindings for Paragraph Formatting

Align Block (Justify) | &Ctrl;J
Align Center | &Alt;&Ctrl;C
Align Left | &Ctrl;L
Align Right | &Alt;&Ctrl;R
Format Paragraph | &Alt;&Ctrl;P

Keybindings for Basic Editing Functions and Search and Replace

Copy | &Ctrl;C (&Ctrl;Insert)
Cut | &Ctrl;X (&Shift;Delete)
Paste | &Ctrl;V (&Shift;Insert)
Find | &Ctrl;F
Replace | &Ctrl;R
Undo | &Ctrl;Z
Redo | &Ctrl;&Shift;Z

Keybindings for Inserting

Create Text Frame | F10
Insert Picture | &Shift;F5
Create Formula Frame | F4
Create Table | F5
Insert Special Character | &Alt;&Shift;C
Insert Non-breaking Space | &Ctrl;Space
Insert Soft Hyphen | &Ctrl;-
Insert Line Break | &Shift;Return
Insert Hard Frame Break | &Ctrl;Return

Keybindings for Accessibility

Popup Context Menu | Menu (see note below)
Resize Panel Forward | F8
Resize Panel Reverse | &Shift;F8
Set Focus to Widget | &Alt;F8
Enter keyboard Mouse Emulation mode | &Alt;F12
Click mouse in Mouse Emulation mode | spacebar
Go to Document Structure | &Alt;1
Go to Document | &Alt;2

On most keyboards, the Menu key is on the righthand side between the &Windows; and &Ctrl; keys. It has a menu icon on it.

Keybindings for Mouse Navigation

Miscellaneous Keyboard Shortcuts

&kword; Handbook | F1
Whats This? | &Shift;F1
Completion | &Ctrl;E
Lower Frame | &Ctrl;&Shift;L
Raise Frame | &Ctrl;&Shift;R
Show Stylist | &Alt;&Ctrl;S

## &kword; Technical details

&techstuff;

### Kword &MIME; types

The &kword; &MIME; type is : application/x-kword

## Glossary

Aspect Ratio

This is the ratio of the measurement of a screen, picture or document horizontally compared to the vertical measurement. All standard computer monitors have the same aspect ratio, regardless of their resolution. Any &kword; document that conforms to the standard screen will look good on any monitor.

For many images, it is important to maintain the aspect ratio. This prevents distortion to the picture.

Binary code

Binary code is the actual instructions for the computer. So if we refer to binaries we mean the executable &kword; program. While computers have no difficulties reading binary files, they are not easily understood by people. Compare this distribution method to Source Code. For more information on compiling &kword;, see the section entitled Installation

Bitmap Image

Bit mapped images are composed of individual dots. This type of file is very good for photographs and complex drawings. The downside of using bitmap images, is that when you change the size of the image on the page, there is a loss of detail. The file names of such pictures often end in jpeg, png or gif.

Cells

Tables are made up of rows and columns of cells. Each cell is defined by a combination of the row and column of a heading.

Clipboard

The clipboard is a temporary storage area in memory. Whenever you use the Cut or Copy command, you are placing the object that was selected into this memory location. Then when you use the Paste command, you insert the information from the clipboard into the document. For more information see the section on Cut/Copy/Paste.

Compiling

When you compile a program, you are converting it from a source file (which is easily edited by a programmer) into a binary file (which the computer uses). Compare this distribution method to Binary Code.

Compiling programs is not as easy as installing binary versions. Users who are only interested in using &kword; are encouraged to find a binary version of &kword; for their computer. For users who want to learn more about programming, more information on compiling &kword; is available in the section entitled Installation.

Custom Variables

Using custom variables you can store certain values (⪚ numbers or text) for later use in your document or in a script. If you want to find out more about custom variables, see Document Variables.

DEB

This is a binary file format that is used by Debian and Debian-based distributions. This will be the suffix of a file specifically for these distributions. An example would be `koffice-1.2.deb`. For more information on installing these files, refer to the Debian Web Site.

Dialog Box

A dialog box is a small window that appears on top of your working document. This window usually has questions, information or configuration options related to the task you are performing. When you are finished with the dialog box, it will disappear and return you to your document (possibly after making some changes to the document).

DTP

Stands for DeskTop Publishing.

FAQ

Stands for Frequently Asked Questions and normally means a document, where questions that arise many times are answered. If you have a question to the developers of &koffice;, you should always have a look at the FAQ first; you can find the latest version here.

File Mask

A file mask can be thought of as a strainer for you. On the average computer, there are several thousand files. These files are sorted into sub-directories, but it is not uncommon for many users to have 100's of data files in a single sub-directory.

Fortunately for us, most applications use a suffix to their filenames. By applying a file mask, &kword; will only show you the files which are not filtered out by the mask. (That is to say &kword; only shows the files that fit through the strainer). This can be helpful if you have many files from many different applications. The file mask is incorporated in the Filter: line of the Save Document and Open Document dialog boxes.

As an example. If you use a file mask for &kword; files, the file mask will try to filter out all files that are not for &kword;.

Filter

A filter takes a document file from one program (⪚ &Microsoft; Word), and filters out the text and formatting information and converts that information into a &kword; document. Filters are used to read and write files for other programs. More information on the filters included with &kword; is available in the section entitled Import/Export Filters.

Footer

The footer of a page is an area below the normal text area. Often it contains the page numbering and maybe some additional information. The contents of the footer are normally the same for most pages, and changing the footer on one page will change all other pages as well. See Header.

Frame

Nearly everything in &kword; is in a frame. Text is always in a text frame. Pictures are in picture frames. Parts are in part frames. A frame is basically just a rectangle that can contain some part of your document. Frames can be moved, resized, deleted etc.

Frameset

A frame-set is a group of frames which are connected together. If you are writing text that does not fit into the first frame of a frame-set, it will continue in the next frame belonging to that frame-set.

&FTP;

&FTP; is the File Transfer Protocol; it is an Internet protocol that allows you to retrieve files from so-called &FTP; servers. If you want to download &koffice; from the Internet, you will probably use &FTP;.

Hard Frame Break

Normally, &kword; automatically adjusts text so it fits into a text frame. By inserting a hard frame break you can force &kword; to always start the next frame in the frameset with the text that follows the break.

Hanging indention

A paragraph where the first line of the paragraph extends outwards to the left compared with other lines in the paragraph.

Header

The header of a page is an area above the normal text area. Often it contains the page numbering and maybe some additional information. The contents of the header normally are the same for most pages, and changing the header on one page will change all other pages as well. See Footer.

&HTML;

Stands for HyperText Markup Language. Most web pages on the Internet are written in &HTML;. &kword; can read and write &HTML; documents for publishing on the World Wide Web.

Hue

Hue is a more technically correct term for what we generally refer to as color.

Examples of hues include red, green, blue and purple.

Inline frame

An inline frame is a special frame type in &kword;. Inline frames are associated with a position in a text frame. &kword; will keep the inline frame near the specified text. You will not be able to determine where exactly on a page the frame will appear, but it will be located close to the specified text.

If you insert or delete text in front of the specified text, the inline image will move up or down the page to follow the specified text

Inline frames are very useful when they contain a picture, graph or figure. Simply place the inline frame within the text which describes the object, and &kword; will make sure both the text and the inline frame are always near each other.

&tde;

Stands for the Trinity Desktop Environment. Part of &tde; is required for &kword; to operate. The Trinity Desktop Environment is a user interface which allows users to manipulate files and operate programs graphically. For more information, please visit www.kde.org.

Key Binding

All of the features of &kword; are available through the menubar. You will find, however, that there are certain features of &kword; that you use on a regular basis. You can bind a certain key combination to that function. Once this combination is bound to the function, you can use it as a shortcut to the function. &kword; comes with several predefined key-bindings. For more information on changing the default key-bindings, click here.

Landscape

When you have a standard sheet of paper, you can either orient your document with the long side vertically or horizontally. When the horizontal dimension is greater than the vertical, this is termed Landscape.

Example:

Compare with Portrait.

Menubar

The menubar is located at the top of the &kword; screen. You can use it to access all features of &kword;.

Menubar:

Portrait

When you have a standard sheet of paper, you can either orient your document with the long side vertically or horizontally. When the vertical dimension is greater than the horizontal, this is termed Portrait.

Example:

Compare with Landscape.

RPM

This is the binary file format for distributions based on the &RedHat; package manager, a widely used packaging tool for the &Linux; operating system. If you still have to get &koffice; and your system supports RPM packages, you should get &koffice; packages ending in `.rpm`. They are very easy to use.

Saturation

Saturation refers to the subjective quantity of a specific hue in a color. Colors with a low saturation appear more white. Colors with high saturation appear more richly colored.

This is a set of four red dots which increase in saturation from left to right.

Scaling Pictures

Whenever you change the size of a graphics image, you are scaling that image. In &kword; you scale the pictures by changing the shape of the frame which surrounds the graphic.

Source Code

Source code is the human readable version of an application (such as &kword;). Computers cannot use source code directly. Instead, source code must be compiled into binary code, before use.

TAR

Tar is a tool used for the archiving of files in so-called tar-files which you recognize by their suffix `.tar`. You can find &koffice; source and binary distributions as gzipped tar-files; however, you should not use them if there are special packages for your system and package manager. See RPM, DEB.

`tar.gz`

See TGZ.

TGZ

Files ending in `.tar.gz` or `.tgz` are tar-files compressed with the `gzip` program. This makes the tar files smaller and quicker to download. You can find &koffice; source and binary distributions in this format; however, you should not use them if there are special packages for your system and package manager. See RPM, DEB.

Toolbar

A toolbar is a line of buttons which are shortcuts to more of the commonly used features of &kword;. More information on toolbars can be found here.

Example Toolbar:

&URL;

&URL; is an abbreviation for Universal Resource Locater. A universal resource locater is the technical term for what is commonly referred to as a websites address.

Examples of &URL;s include http://www.koffice.org and http://www.kde.org

Value (color)

Color value refers to how bright or dark a color is. Colors with low value are more black in appearance. Colors with high value are more richly colored.

This is a set of four red dots which increase in value from left to right.

Vector Image

A vector based graphic is described in terms of lines and shapes, not in terms of dots. These files scale better than bit-mapped images.

WYSIWYG

Stands for What You See Is What You Get. &kword; is a WYSIWYG word processor, which means that the document will appear the same on the screen while you are editing it, as it will on the printed page.

&X-Window;

The &X-Window; (also known simply as X) is required for &koffice; to operate. More information on &X-Window; for &Linux; can be found at http://www.xfree86.org

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